最优雅地整合 Spring & Spring MVC & MyBatis 搭建 Java 企业级应用（附源码）

这里使用 Maven 项目管理工具构建项目

初始化项目

打开 Intellij IDEA，点击 Create New Project，使用 Maven 构建项目，选择 JDK 版本和 maven-archetype-webapp 模板（Java Web 项目）

填写项目在 Maven 仓库中的坐标

选择 Maven 安装路径和 Maven 配置文件路径以及 Maven 本地仓库路径

填写项目名，选择工作目录

创建目录

在 src > main 目录下分别新建 java 源码目录和 resource 配置文件目录

在 java 目录下创建基本的源码目录结构

在 webapp 目录下创建 static 目录，用于存放静态资源文件（css, js, img 等）

在 webapp > WEB-INF 目录下创建 views 目录，用于存放视图页面（jsp, html 等）

pom.xml

完整的 pom.xml 配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.antoniopeng</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssm-example</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>hello-ssm Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>https://antoniopeng.com</url>

    <properties>
        <!-- 环境配置 -->
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

        <!-- 统一的依赖管理 -->
        <alibaba-druid.version>1.1.6</alibaba-druid.version>
        <apache-httpclient.version>4.5.5</apache-httpclient.version>
        <commons-email.version>1.5</commons-email.version>
        <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.2</commons-fileupload.version>
        <commons-lang3.version>3.5</commons-lang3.version>
        <hibernate-validator.version>5.3.4.Final</hibernate-validator.version>
        <jackson.version>2.9.5</jackson.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <kaptcha.version>2.3</kaptcha.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mybaits-spring.version>1.3.1</mybaits-spring.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.46</mysql.version>
        <servlet-api.version>3.1.0</servlet-api.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.25</slf4j.version>
        <spring.version>4.3.17.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Test Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Test Begin -->

        <!-- Spring Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring End -->

        <!-- Servlet Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>${jstl.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Servlet End -->

        <!-- Log Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Log End -->

        <!-- Commons Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-email.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Commons End -->

        <!-- Database Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>${alibaba-druid.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>${mybaits-spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate-validator.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Database End -->

        <!-- Json Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Json End -->

        <!-- Apache Http Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>${apache-httpclient.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>fluent-hc</artifactId>
            <version>${apache-httpclient.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            <version>${apache-httpclient.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Apache Http End -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <plugins>
            <!-- Compiler 插件, 设定 JDK 版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.7.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                    <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <!-- 资源文件配置 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

全局配置文件

resources 目录下创建 ssm.properties 全局配置文件，供后续调用

# JDBC
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.connectionURL=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

# JDBC Pool
jdbc.pool.init=1
jdbc.pool.minIdle=3
jdbc.pool.maxActive=20

# Web View Location
web.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/views/
web.view.suffix=.jsp

# Upload Size
web.maxUploadSize=10485760

Spring 核心配置

resources 目录下创建 spring-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

  <!-- 开启 Spring 相关注解 -->
  <context:annotation-config />

  <!-- 使用 Annotation 自动注册 Bean, 并且只扫描 @Controller -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm">
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
  </context:component-scan>

  <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
  </bean>

  <!-- 开启事务注解驱动 -->
  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

整合 Spring MVC

创建 spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

  <!-- 加载配置属性文件 -->
  <context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:ssm.properties"/>

  <!-- 使用 Annotation 自动注册 Bean,只扫描 @Controller -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.controller" use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
  </context:component-scan>

  <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven />

  <!-- 定义视图文件解析 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="${web.view.prefix}"/>
    <property name="suffix" value="${web.view.suffix}"/>
  </bean>

  <!-- 静态资源映射 -->
  <mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/static/" cache-period="31536000"/>

  <!-- 拦截器配置 -->
  <mvc:interceptors>
    <!-- 拦截登录 -->
    <mvc:interceptor>
      <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
      <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/login" />
      <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/static/**" />
      <bean class="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" />
    </mvc:interceptor>
  </mvc:interceptors>

  <!-- 上传文件拦截，设置最大上传文件大小 10M = 10*1024*1024(B) = 10485760 bytes -->
  <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="${web.maxUploadSize}"/>
  </bean>

</beans>

MyBatis 配置

创建 mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <!-- 全局参数 -->
  <settings>
    <!-- 打印 SQL 语句 -->
    <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />

    <!-- 使全局的映射器启用或禁用缓存。 -->
    <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="false"/>

    <!-- 全局启用或禁用延迟加载。当禁用时，所有关联对象都会即时加载。 -->
    <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>

    <!-- 当启用时，有延迟加载属性的对象在被调用时将会完全加载任意属性。否则，每种属性将会按需要加载。 -->
    <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="true"/>

    <!-- 是否允许单条 SQL 返回多个数据集 (取决于驱动的兼容性) default:true -->
    <setting name="multipleResultSetsEnabled" value="true"/>

    <!-- 是否可以使用列的别名 (取决于驱动的兼容性) default:true -->
    <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true"/>

    <!-- 允许 JDBC 生成主键。需要驱动器支持。如果设为了 true，这个设置将强制使用被生成的主键，有一些驱动器不兼容不过仍然可以执行。 default:false  -->
    <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="false"/>

    <!-- 指定 MyBatis 如何自动映射 数据基表的列 NONE：不映射 PARTIAL：部分 FULL:全部  -->
    <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="PARTIAL"/>

    <!-- 这是默认的执行类型 （SIMPLE: 简单； REUSE: 执行器可能重复使用prepared statements语句；BATCH: 执行器可以重复执行语句和批量更新） -->
    <setting name="defaultExecutorType" value="SIMPLE"/>

    <!-- 使用驼峰命名法转换字段。 -->
    <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>

    <!-- 设置本地缓存范围 session:就会有数据的共享 statement:语句范围 (这样就不会有数据的共享 ) defalut:session -->
    <setting name="localCacheScope" value="SESSION"/>

    <!-- 设置 JDBC 类型为空时,某些驱动程序 要指定值, default:OTHER，插入空值时不需要指定类型 -->
    <setting name="jdbcTypeForNull" value="NULL"/>
  </settings>
</configuration>

整合 Druid

resources 目录下创建 spring-context-druid.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 加载配置属性文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:ssm.properties"/>

    <!-- 数据源配置, 使用 Druid 数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <!-- 数据源驱动类可不写，Druid默认会自动根据URL识别DriverClass -->
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>

        <!-- 基本属性 url、user、password -->
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.connectionURL}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.pool.init}"/>
        <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.pool.minIdle}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.pool.maxActive}"/>

        <!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
        <property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>

        <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000"/>

        <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 -->
        <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000"/>

        <!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters -->
        <property name="filters" value="stat"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

整合 MyBatis

resources 目录下创建 spring-context-mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 配置 SqlSession -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 用于配置对应实体类所在的包，多个 package 之间可以用 ',' 号分割 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.entity"/>
        <!-- 用于配置对象关系映射配置文件所在目录 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:/mapper/**/*.xml"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/mybatis-config.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 扫描 Mapper -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.dao" />
    </bean>
</beans>

日志配置

创建 log4j.properties 日志配置文件

log4j.rootLogger=error, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender  
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout  
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n  

log4j.logger.com.ibatis = debug  
log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource = debug  
log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner = debug  
log4j.logger.com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate = debug  
log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection = debug  
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement = debug  
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet =debug  
log4j.logger.com.pro.mapper =debug

web.xml

完整的 web.xml 配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>/login</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring-context*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

创建访问视图

在 webapp > WEB-INF > views 目录下新建 index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Index</title>
</head>

<body>
   	<h1>
        Hello SSM
    </h1>
</body>
</html>

在 controller 目录下创建 IndexController 类

package com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/")
    public String index() {
        return "index";
    }
}

部署到 Tomcat 服务器

点击 Intellij IDEA 右上方 Add Configuration..

添加 Tomcat 本地服务器配置

配置下载好的 Tomcat 服务器

Tomcat8 官网下载地址

设置访问端口号，默认 8080

将项目添加到 Tomcat 服务器

最后运行项目，访问 http://localhost:8080/ 即可。

源码地址：https://github.com/antoniopeng/ssm-example.git

更多干货请移步：https://antoniopeng.com

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初始化项目

创建目录

pom.xml

全局配置文件

Spring 核心配置

整合 Spring MVC

MyBatis 配置

整合 Druid

整合 MyBatis

日志配置

web.xml

创建访问视图

部署到 Tomcat 服务器

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